Controller, inverter and battery of photovoltaic power generation system
Release time:
2023-08-18
Source:
Internet
Controller (for off-grid systems)
The photovoltaic controller is an automatic control device that can automatically prevent the battery from overcharging and overdischarging. Using high-speed CPU microprocessor and high-precision A/D analog-to-digital converter, it is a microcomputer data acquisition and monitoring control system, which can not only quickly collect the current working state of the photovoltaic system in real time, obtain the working information of the PV station at any time, but also accumulate the historical data of the PV station in detail, which provides an accurate and sufficient basis for evaluating the rationality of the PV system design and testing the reliability of the quality of the system components, it also has a serial communication data transmission function, which can centrally manage and remotely control multiple photovoltaic system substations.
Inverter
Inverter is a device that converts direct current generated by photovoltaic power generation into alternating current, and photovoltaic inverter is one of the important system balances in photovoltaic array system, which can be used with general AC power supply equipment. Solar inverters have special functions in conjunction with photovoltaic arrays, such as maximum power point tracking and islanding protection.
Solar inverters can be divided into the following three categories:
Independent inverter: used in independent system, photovoltaic array for battery charging, inverter to battery DC voltage as energy source. Many stand-alone inverters also incorporate a battery charger to charge the battery with AC power. Generally, this inverter will not touch the grid, so there is no need for islanding protection.
Grid-connected inverter: The output voltage of the inverter can be returned to the commercial AC power supply, so the output chord wave needs to be the same as the phase, frequency and voltage of the power supply. The grid-connected inverter will have a safety design. If it is not connected to the power supply, it will automatically shut down the output. If the power grid power jump, grid connected inverter does not have the function of reserve power supply.
③ backup battery inverter: a special inverter, by the battery as its power source, with the battery charger for the battery charging, if there is too much power, will be back to the AC power terminal. This kind of inverter can provide AC power to the specified load when the grid power supply jumps, so it needs to have the islanding protection function.
Battery (not required for grid connected system)
The battery is a device that stores electricity in the photovoltaic power generation system. At present, there are four kinds of lead-acid maintenance-free batteries, ordinary lead-acid batteries, colloidal batteries and alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries. Lead-acid maintenance-free batteries and colloidal batteries are widely used.
Working principle: During the day, the sun shines on the photovoltaic modules to generate DC voltage, convert the light energy into electrical energy, and then transmit it to the controller. After the overcharge protection of the controller, the electricity from the photovoltaic modules is transmitted to the battery for storage, For use when needed.
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