Photovoltaic agriculture
Release time:
2023-08-18
Source:
Internet
"Photovoltaic + agriculture" is to carry out stent-type photovoltaic power generation and agricultural production activities at the same time in the same piece of land. The global agricultural land area is about 0.5 billion square kilometers, accounting for 38% of the global land area. About 1/3 of them are cultivated land, and the remaining 2/3 are grassland and pasture. Agricultural land occupies a large amount of land resources, whether these land can be used as the available area of photovoltaic construction has been controversial. To this end, Europe's largest solar energy research institutions-Germany's Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (Fraunhofer ISE) in 2015 launched the agricultural light integration research project APV-RESOLA, testing the impact of photovoltaic panels on the yield of different crops such as winter wheat, celery, potatoes. Control experiments show that the combination of photovoltaic and potato planting, potato per hectare increased by 3%, agricultural land through photovoltaic additional output of 83% of green power, land comprehensive utilization rate increased by 86%. The results were presented in October 2020 at the AgriVoltaics of the International Agricultural Photovoltaic Conference hosted by the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Systems in Germany. The mode of "photovoltaic + agriculture" combines the cleaning of photovoltaic panels with farmland irrigation, which can improve the utilization efficiency of water resources. Photovoltaic panels can also play a role in weakening the adverse effects of excessive light at noon on crops and reducing water evaporation. Based on the integration of agricultural and light facilities, suitable crops can be selected for rational irrigation. The intelligent system of photovoltaic power supply can also guarantee the agricultural production process, realize the "photovoltaic greenhouse + intelligent planting", and improve the agricultural economy and quality. The "photovoltaic + agriculture" model solves the problem of land competition between photovoltaic construction and agricultural production, and through some interventions in photovoltaic construction, it increases the yield of crops while ensuring photovoltaic power generation as much as possible, and realizes the compound use of land.
Take the agricultural-optical complementary photovoltaic power station located on the east bank of the Yellow River in Ningxia as an example. The east bank of the Yellow River in Ningxia was once one of the most severely desertified lands, with an average altitude of 1200 meters, an annual maximum precipitation of 273mm, and an annual evaporation of 2722mm. The sky is covered with yellow sand and dust. The development company has carried out ecological management on 160000 mu (about 10666 hectares) of desertified land, built a complementary agricultural and optical power station, planned to build 3GWp photovoltaic power generation, and has completed grid-connected 1GWp photovoltaic. At the same time, the green industrial chain of "planting-R & D-processing-sales" of high-quality organic wolfberry has been carried out to provide employment opportunities for the local 30000 poor. Photovoltaic modules have reduced the radiation intensity. "Photovoltaic + Agriculture" has made the flowering season of Chinese wolfberry 5 weeks longer than that of similar local Chinese wolfberry, and the output has increased by 29%.
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